The sulphur trioxide is hydrated into sulphuric acid H2SO4:SO3 + H2O ? H2SO4(g) (?101 kJ/mol)The last step is the condensation of the sulphuric acid to liquid 97–98% H2SO4:H2SO4(g) ? H2SO4(l) (?69 kJ/mol) The Extreme Health Hazards Associated with Sulphuric AcidConcentrated sulphuric acid is extremely corrosive. This chemical not only causes chemical burns, but also second degree burns as a consequence of dehydration. This chemical is able to corrode skin, paper, metals, and in some cases even stone. If it comes in direct contact with the eyes, it can cause permanent blindness.
If ingested, this chemical may cause internal burns, irreversible organ damage, and possibly death. How to Handle Sulphuric Acid Safely?Sulphuric Acid can be handled safely if the proper precautions are observed. The personal protective equipment mentioned below should be used whenever dealing with sulphuric acid.? Chemical safety glasses and face shield (8″inch high minimum)? Rubber gloves large enough to cover the forearm? High, top safety rubber boots? Acid proof outer clothing that ?ts at neck and wrists. The wrists of the outer clothing should be posi$oned to prevent drainage of acid into the gloves;? Hard hat or other form of head protec$on ? A respirator for protec$on against vapors of sulfuric acid.? Rapid ac$on safety showers that are readily accessible should be installed in all areas where there are chances of coming in contact with sulphuric acid.Care for Sulphuric Acid ExposureContact with sulphuric acid can occur as skin/bodily contact, ingestion, or inhalation of vapors.
Each type of exposure imparts serious health hazards that should be managed appropriately. The standard ?rst aid treatment for acid spills on the skin is ;ushing with large quantities of water. Washing is done to cool the tissue surrounding the acid burn and to prevent secondary damage. A?ected clothing is to be removed immediately and the skin beneath should be washed thoroughly.
Storage challenges by sulphuricacid This extremely exothermic acid presents serious storage challenges:? If sulphuric acid falls on metals, it can create highly ;ammable hydrogen gas. ? Sulphuric acid burns are actually more serious than burns from other acids because it dehydrates whatever it touches, and the reaction being exothermic can lead to second degree burn.? Sulphuric acid tests the mechanical strength of the storage tank because it is quite heavy.A specialized tank system and ?ttings are required to reduce the risks associated with storing sulphuric acid, Proper Sulphuric Acid Storage Sulphuric acid should be stored in a cool, dry area away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Care should be taken as to not store it indoors in large quantities, in order to prevent the accumulation of vapors. Product containers should be examined regularly by professional experts for signs of leaks or damage.Storage Solutions for Sulphuric Acid:The construction materials will depend on the temperature, acid concentration, and composition.
Up till now the most common material of construction is carbon steel but there are other solutions too for e?ective storage of sulphuric acid.Phenolic CoatingsPhenolic coatings that are baked, are used to minimize corrosion in tanks storing 93% H2SO4. The life of this type of coating, however, is severely limited in higher concentrations of the acid.Glass-linedGlass-lined storage tanks are used where the acid is to be kept pure.
Fiberglass is a unique material that can be utilized e?ectively for corrosive storage, like sulphuric acid. The inherent corrosion resistant characteristic of ?berglass materials makes them a cost-e?ective, strong, lightweight answer to the industrial storage of sulphuric acid.Polyethylene Tanks:Cross-linked polyethylene tanks can handle sulphuric acid’s heavyweight. The molecular bonding of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and tank wall thickness play an important role in withstanding the great load of sulphuric acid.Sulphuric Acid and its UsesBasic uses include fertilizer manufacturing, mineral processing
