In the beginning of this assignment I would like to mention a history ofhealth care in Great Britain.The first plan for the creation of state health care in Great Britain wascreated in 1942 in connection with the project of the new social securitysystem of Lord William Beveridge. The element which, according to Beveridge,influenced the success of social security reforms, was the introduction ofuniversal, free medical and rehabilitation care. In the end, the socialsecurity plan was passed by the parliament in 1943, and in 1948 the NationalHealth Service (NHS) system entered into force. The NHS system was based on the following principles (currently alsocurrent), namely: separation of payment of sickness benefits from treatment, universalityand a wide range of free medical services for all residents regardless of theirincome and health status, financing health care from public sources (taxes),which means introducing the so-called supply (budget) as opposed to thecontribution system of financing, equal access to health services, introductionof the three-level NHS administration system. The National Health Service has not undergone any major changes to thepresent day, and the major adjustments made over the years have concernedorganizational issues, reallocation of resources and the scope and amount ofadditional payments for benefits provided by patients.
Thus, the originalintention of the free of all benefits was withdrawn. The sources of public health financing are general taxes, subsidies fromthe National Insurance Fund for the NHS , patient fees and various charges (egfor the stay of private patients in NHS hospitals).A formula for general medical practice was introduced as part of the reformof the health care system undertaken by the government of Margaret Thatcher.The basic assumption of the reform at that time was the introduction ofinternal competition (the so-called internal market) within the NHS. Localhealth authorities have become an active element of the system. Localadministration could freely purchase hospital services in various hospitals,managed by themselves, in hospitals in another area, in autonomous hospitalfoundations, and in private hospitals – taking into account the quality ofhealth services and the price proposed by the providers. in principle, this wasto force competition between hospitals and improve the quality of healthservices, and in the future lead to a departure from the budgets of globalhospitals in order to contract the number and type of services or to pay for amedical case. Since the implementation of this reform, general practitioners have beenpaid according to a dual system: traditionally concluded contracts and underthe so-called global budgets (annual).
From these budgets, the doctorspurchased the necessary hospital services for their patients, externalconsultations, and some surgical procedures. These doctors were also obliged torespect the global amount allocated to prescribed medicines. Global budgetswere allocated by regional health authorities and traditional contractscontained local NHS authorities. This dual system functioned in the 90s and hasbeen preserved to this day.
However, with Prime Minister Tom Blaire’s coming topower, the reform of the reform conducted during the reign of Margaret Thatcherwas announced. The basic document in the case (The new NHS. Modern. Dependable) presentedthe Secretary of State for Health in December 1997 to the British Parliament.The document clearly defined the need for further strengthening of the PHC,especially general practice, within the framework of the NHS structures. Currently, the structures of the British national health service are againsubject to major organizational changes. These changes are related to theseizure of power in 1997 by the Labor Party. The legal basis for the introduced changes was given by the Tha Health Act1999, which was signed by the queen on 30 June.
The changes introduced by thisact concern both organizational structures and the division of competences atall levels of the health administration. Inthat time, the Doctors take industrial action for the first time in nearly 40years. The British Medical Association (BMA) has decided to make significantchanges to the NHS pension system.Thecoalition government publishes the White Book of Care and Support along withthe draft Act on Care and Support and a “progress report” onfinancing, all of which outline the government’s vision of reforming care andsupport for adults.Underthe Health and Social Care Act 2012, the Government publishes goals andexpectations for health care in the first mandate of the NHS Commission.TheWhite Paper ‘Sustainable social services for Wales: a framework for action’,published in 2011, highlights a number of challenges for public services inWales.Theyincluded demographic changes, increased expectations of people using care andsupport, and a persistent difficult economic situation.
TheAct is aimed at solving these problems, and thus will provide more freedom todecide what services they need, supporting consistent high-quality servicesacross the country.Thiswill change the way social services are delivered, promoting people’sindependence to provide them with stronger voice and control. GovernmentAct, introduced by Gwenda Thomas, Deputy Minister for Social Services. TheBusiness Committee has submitted a bill to the Health and Social CareCommission.Thebill will reform and integrate the law of social services for people and willensure:•Improvement of well-being for people who need care and support and carers whoneed support;•Coordination and partnership on the part of public authorities to improvepeople’s well-being;•Complaints and statements regarding social welfare and palliative care;•The social welfare functions of local authorities and Welsh ministers intervenein the municipalities’ performance of social functions; and related goals.
TheBill became an act to Follow the progress of the Social Services and WelfareAct (in Wales) since it was presented to the National Assembly on January 28,2013, When it became an Act after receiving the Royal consent on May 1, 2014.OnJune 30, 2015, the Minister of Health and Human Services Mark Drakeford issueda written statement stating how the Act meets the needs of children and youth- responsibility of local authoritiesfor taking care of children under the Act.
